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Kirk Boott (October 20, 1790 – April 11, 1837)[1] was an American Industrialist instrumental in the early history of Lowell, Massachusetts.
Biography[edit]
Boott was born in Boston, Massachusetts in 1790. His father had emigrated to the United States from England in 1783, and worked in Boston as a wholesale merchant. After studying for a time in Boston schools, the son attended Rugby School in England, and later went to Harvard College (class of 1809). Before graduation, Boott left Harvard for England to study civil engineering with the goal of joining the British army.[2]
When he was 21, a commission as lieutenant in the British army was purchased for him. With his regiment, the 85th light infantry, he took part in the peninsular campaign against Napoleon, landing in Spain in August 1813. After Napoleon had been sent to Elba, Boott's regiment was detailed for service against the United States, and took part in the attacks on Washington and on New Orleans. Boott, however, was excused from serving against the land of his birth.[2]
After a short visit to the United States, Boott returned to England, and studied engineering at Sandhurst. Later he resigned his commission in the British army and came to Boston to engage in business with two of his brothers. He was not successful in this venture, however.[2]
Boott then became involved in the Boston Manufacturing Company at Waltham, Massachusetts. At some point during his residency in England, Boott had an opportunity to tour the spinning mills in the midlands. He was a quick study of engineering principals and was reputed to have committed his observations to paper. These notes and drawings, none of them extant today, subsequently formed the basis of some of the innovations and improvements in the mechanics and design of spinning and weaving technology which helped to make the mills in Lowell and subsequently other mills in New England more profitable than many of their English counterparts.
When the Boston Manufacturing Company formed the Merrimack Manufacturing Company in 1822, Kirk Boott was sent to Lowell to be the first agent and treasurer, since the current agent, Patrick Tracy Jackson, had to remain in Waltham. Under Boott's leadership, the Merrimack Company was extremely profitable. When the Proprietors of Locks and Canals, the organization that controlled the canal water and land, was separated from the Merrimack Manufacturing Company, Boott became agent of that firm as well. In this position, he sold the water power the Merrimack Company did not use, allowing many other firms to open operations in Lowell. The city grew quite rapidly around these factories. Boott was also superintendent of the print works.
Boott, more so than the other founders of Lowell, was involved in the day-to-day operation of the town and the lives of its mill operatives. He chose the denomination of the first church (Episcopal), and even was involved in the design of school districts. He was moderator of the first town meeting, and was often sent to the state legislature.[2]
Boott died in his carriage at the corner of Dutton and Merrimack Streets in downtown Lowell on April 11, 1837. Some reports say the carriage tipped, other say a back ailment stemming from his time in the military killed him.
Family[edit]
Kirk Boott's father (born in Derby, England, 1750-1817[3]), who was also called Kirk Boott, was a friend of Joseph Wright of Derby and his family.[4]
The carriage that Boott died in was to have another brush with death thirteen years later. According to family lore, Boott's beautiful and thrifty daughter, Mary Love Boott, continued to use the carriage, taking it with her after her marriage to Boston lawyer, Charles A. Welch, in 1844. Welch, who had recently assisted Edward Dexter Sohier in the defense of Dr. John Webster in the notorious and grisly murder and dismemberment on Thanksgiving Day, 1849, of the powerful, wealthy and eccentric Bostonian, Dr. George Parkman, used Boott's carriage to pick up Webster's body after he had been publicly executed on a gallows in Leverett Square. Mary never rode in the carriage again.
Legacy[edit]
Kirk Boott's name lives on in the Boott Mills, and perpendicular Kirk Street, which is dominated by the old building of Lowell High School. In the Boott Mills, part of Lowell National Historical Park, The National Park Service has restored a weaving room to its 1920s appearance,[5] giving the Park visitor a first hand look at some of the roots of the industrial revolution in the United States.
External links[edit]
- Lowell Note: Kirk Boott - From the National Park Service
- Find Out About the Kirk Boott Portrait on City Hall's 2nd Floor - From the Lowell, MA Historic Board.
| Library resources about Kirk Boott |
| By Kirk Boott |
|---|
References[edit]
- Cowley, Charles (September 13, 2006) [1868]. A History of Lowell. Michigan: Scholarly Publishing Office, University of Michigan Library. ISBN978-1-4255-2201-8.
- ^'Boott Family (p. 61-66) in Welch Genealogy'. Retrieved 2009-12-24.
- ^ abcdWilson, J. G.; Fiske, J., eds. (1900). 'Boott, Kirk' . Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography. New York: D. Appleton.
- ^'Photograph of a memorial of Kirk Boott's father in a church in Boston, United States'. Retrieved 2008-03-23.
- ^'Article with information on Kirk Boott's father'. Retrieved 2008-03-23.
- ^'Lowell National Historical Park'. Retrieved 2009-04-05.
| Waking Ned | |
|---|---|
| Directed by | Kirk Jones |
| Produced by | Richard Holmes Glynis Murray |
| Written by | Kirk Jones |
| Starring | |
| Music by | Shaun Davey |
| Cinematography | Henry Braham |
| Edited by | Alan Strachan |
Canal+ Tomboy Films | |
| Distributed by | Fox Searchlight Pictures |
| |
| 91 minutes | |
| Country | United Kingdom France |
| Language | English |
| Budget | $3 million |
| Box office | $55,257,450[1] |
Waking Ned (titled Waking Ned Devine in North America) is a 1998 comedy film directed by Kirk Jones and starring Ian Bannen, David Kelly, and Fionnula Flanagan. Kelly was nominated for a Screen Actors' Guild award for his role as Michael O'Sullivan.[2] The story is set in Ireland but was filmed in the nearby Isle of Man. It was produced by Canal+ and the British studio Tomboy Films and distributed by the American company Fox Searchlight Pictures.[3]
Plot[edit]
When word reaches Jackie O'Shea (Ian Bannen) and Michael O'Sullivan (David Kelly), two elderly best friends, that someone in Tulaigh Mhór (Tullymore), their tiny Irish village of 52 people, has won the Irish National Lottery, they, along with Jackie's wife Annie (Fionnula Flanagan), plot to discover the identity of the winner. They obtain a list of lottery customers from Mrs. Kennedy (Maura O'Malley) at the post office and invite the potential winners to a chicken dinner, where they attempt to get the winner to reveal him- or herself. After everyone has left and they are no closer to an answer, Annie realizes that one person did not come to the dinner, so Jackie pays a late-night visit to the only absentee: the reclusive Ned Devine (Jimmy Keogh). He finds Ned in his home in front of the TV, still holding the ticket in his hand, a smile on his face and dead from shock. That same night, Jackie has a dream that the deceased Ned wants to share the winnings with his friends, as he has no family to claim the ticket. Jackie wakes up after the dream, and before dawn, he and Michael return to Ned's house to gather Ned's personal information so they can claim the winnings for themselves.
Elsewhere in the village, Maggie O'Toole (Susan Lynch) continues to spurn the romantic interests of her old flame, 'Pig' Finn (James Nesbitt), a local pig farmer. Finn is convinced they belong together, as he thinks he is the father of her son Maurice (Robert Hickey), but she cannot abide him due to his ever-present odour of pigs. Finn has a rival in Pat Mulligan (Fintan McKeown), also hoping to marry Maggie.
Jackie and Michael call the National Lottery to make the claim, prompting a claim inspector to be sent. The inspector, Mr. Kelly, arrives to find Jackie on the beach and asks him for directions to Ned's cottage. Jackie delays Kelly by taking him on a circuitous route while Michael races to the cottage on a motorcycle, completely naked, and breaks in so he can answer the door as Ned. After discovering that the lottery winnings are far greater than they anticipated (totaling nearly IR£7 million), Jackie and Michael are forced to involve the entire village in fooling Mr. Kelly. All the villagers sign their name to a pact to participate in the ruse, except one—the local curmudgeon, Lizzie Quinn (Eileen Dromey). She threatens to report the fraud in order to receive a ten-percent reward, and attempts to blackmail Jackie for £1 million of the winnings. Jackie does not refuse her outright, but later insists to Michael, 'She'll sign for the same as us, or get nothing at all!'
The villagers go to great lengths to fool the inspector, even pretending Ned's funeral is a service for Michael when the inspector wanders into the church. The inspector leaves, satisfied that the claim is legitimate, and the villagers celebrate their winnings at the local pub. Meanwhile, Quinn makes her way to the nearest working phone, a phone box outside the village on the edge of a cliff, and phones the lottery office. Before she can report the fraud, however, the departing claim inspector sneezes while driving past her and loses control of his car, forcing an oncoming van (driven by Tullymore's village priest, returning from a sabbatical) to crash into the phone box, sending it plummeting off the cliff and crashing to the ground below with Quinn still inside.
At the celebration, Jackie spots Maggie, who is content to marry Finn now that he has the money to give up pig farming. Maggie confides in him that Ned is Maurice's real father, meaning that Maurice is technically entitled to the entire winnings. Jackie urges her to claim the fortune for Maurice, but she demurs, determined to keep the secret so that Maurice will have a father and the villagers will have their money.
Finally, Jackie, Michael, Maurice, and several other villagers stand on a headland and raise their glasses to Ned, toasting him for his gift to the village.
Cast[edit]
- Ian Bannen as Jackie O'Shea
- David Kelly as Michael O'Sullivan
- Fionnula Flanagan as Annie O'Shea
- Susan Lynch as Maggie O'Toole
- James Nesbitt as Pig Finn
- Adrian Robinson as Lotto Observer
- Maura O'Malley as Mrs. Kennedy
- Robert Hickey as Maurice O'Toole
- Paddy Ward as Brendy O'Toole
- James Ryland as Dennis Fitzgerald
- Fintan McKeown as Pat Mulligan
- Eileen Dromey as Lizzy Quinn
- Kitty Fitzgerald as Kitty
- Dermot Kerrigan as Father Patrick
- Jimmy Keogh as Ned Devine
- Paul Vaughan as Narrator
Production[edit]
Jones originally developed the idea for Waking Ned as a roughly 10-minute short film, but later expanded the work into a full-length script. In a 2013 interview, Jones reflected:
Investors responded to the humour and engaging story and came on board but the level of finance was of course very low. I was grateful to the cast and crew who agreed to work for reduced fees in order to get the film made. When the film was finished, we put it in the boot of a car and drove to Cannes where we screened it and sold it to Fox Searchlight in the US, where it was released later that year.[4]
The film was shot on the Isle of Man,[3] with the village of Cregneash standing in for the fictional Irish village of Tulaigh Mhór.[5]
Reception[edit]
Box office[edit]
Waking Ned opened in the United States on 20 November 1998 in 9 theaters grossing $148,971 for the weekend.[1] It expanded on Christmas Day to 259 theaters and expanded further in the new year to a maximum of 540 theaters.[1] It grossed $24.8 million in the United States and Canada, and $30.4 million elsewhere, for a grand total of $55.2 million worldwide.[1] Its 1999 gross of $19 million in the United States and Canada was the highest for a limited release full-length feature film in the year.[6]
Critical response[edit]
Waking Ned received a mostly positive response from critics. The review aggregatorRotten Tomatoes gives the film a 'Certified Fresh' score of 83% based on 60 reviews, with an average rating of 7/10. The site's consensus reads: 'A heartwarming comedy with a delightfully light touch, Waking Ned Devine finds feel-good humor in some unexpected -- and unexpectedly effective -- places'.[7]
Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times lauded the film as 'another one of those delightful village comedies that seem to spin out of the British isles annually.' He added, 'Waking Ned Devine can take its place alongside Local Hero, Comfort and Joy, The Snapper, The Van, The Full Monty, The Englishman Who Went Up a Hill But Came Down a Mountain, Brassed Off, Eat the Peach and many others.'[8] Derek Elley of Variety called it 'a warmly observed comedy of manners' and wrote:
Though the pic throws up several twists as it progresses, at heart it is simply structured, relying on character studies rather than corkscrew plotting. As such, it's not laugh-out-loud material but time spent with a group of oddballs for whom normalcy is just one option in life. Awp crosshair by uros zip 10. Given the amount of gab and paucity of real action, Jones paces the movie well, with little slack and a blackly comic finale that wraps the yarn in satisfying style.[3]
Accolades[edit]
Kirk Jones was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Most Promising Newcomer.[9] The film was nominated for and won several other awards including the Screen Actors Guild, Satellite Awards, and the National Board of Review.[citation needed]
Influence[edit]
Waking Ned inspired a Bollywood blockbuster Malamaal Weekly directed by Priyadarshan.[10]
References[edit]
- ^ abcd'Waking Ned Devine (1998)'. Box Office Mojo. Retrieved 11 September 2012.
- ^'David Kelly, Irish character actor, dead at 82'. CBS News. 15 February 2012. Retrieved 3 October 2015.
- ^ abcElley, Derek (17 September 1998). 'Review: 'Waking Ned Devine''. Variety. Retrieved 3 October 2015.
- ^Harding, Oscar (16 January 2013). 'Exclusive Interview: Kirk Jones, Director of What To Expect When You're Expecting'. What Culture. Retrieved 5 October 2015.
- ^'Phoney Ireland awaits boom'. The Guardian. 29 March 1999. Retrieved 3 October 2015.
- ^'Domestic Box Office For 1999'. Box Office Mojo. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
- ^'Waking Ned Devine (1998)'. Rotten Tomatoes. Fandango. Retrieved 19 September 2019.
- ^Ebert, Roger (11 December 1998). 'Waking Ned Devine'. Chicago Sun-Times. Retrieved 3 October 2015.
- ^Gibbons, Fiachra (7 April 2000). 'Britain's biggest movie tipped for Bafta failure'. The Guardian. Retrieved 3 October 2015.
- ^'Masand's Verdict: Malamaal Weekly', Rajeev Masand, CNN-IBN, IBN Live, 29 April 2010. Retrieved 23 December 2014
Further reading[edit]
- Waking Ned Devine: An Original Screenplay by Kirk Jones (1999) ScreenPress Books,
External links[edit]
| Wikiquote has quotations related to: Waking Ned |
- Waking Ned on IMDb
- Waking Ned at Rotten Tomatoes